Dark spots, freckles and moles are the cosmetic defects formed most often as a result of prolonged exposure to sunlight. Skin melanocytes are responsible of producing lot of dark dye that is unequally distributed to form pigmentation. They are formed mainly due to sunburn, inflammation of the skin, especially with acne or as a result of the use of photosensitizing drugs, herbs and cosmetics.
Hyperpigmentation and disruption of the melanogenesis process also occur due to hormonal disorders (pregnancy), adnexitis and hyperthyroidism and also due to diseases of the liver and adrenal insufficiency. Unsightly skin lesions may result from the use of birth control pills.
In the case of excessive or uneven pigmentation, when characteristic places with a darker color occur - pigment patches, mostly in bronze color, which is very easy to darken when exposed to sunlight. Most often they appear on the cheeks, forehead and nose, as well as on the neck, hands and arms.